Nutch集成slor的索引方法介绍
/**
* 建立索引
* @param solrUrl solr的web地址
* @param crawlDb 爬取DB的存放路径：\crawl\crawldb
* @param linkDb 爬取link的存放路径：\crawl\linkdb
* @param segments 元数据存放路径：\crawl\segments
* @param noCommit 是否提交slor服务器跟下slor索引
* @param deleteGone 是否删除过时的文档
* @param solrParams solr的参数
* @param filter 是否启用URL过滤
* @param normalize 是否格式化 URL
* @throws IOException
*/
public void indexSolr(String solrUrl, Path crawlDb, Path linkDb,
List<Path> segments, boolean noCommit, boolean deleteGone, String solrParams,
boolean filter, boolean normalize) throws IOException {
...
IndexerMapReduce.initMRJob(crawlDb, linkDb, segments, job);
...
}
Nutch的索引，是通过一个MR完成的。
map的输入是Nutch爬去目录下的sequenceFile ，key是Nutch爬取下来的URL，value使用的java泛型，将所有nutch自定义的数据类型抽象成一个NutchWritable对象。
Nutchwritable的包含的的数据类型如下源代码：
CLASSES = new Class[] {
org.apache.hadoop.io.NullWritable.class,
org.apache.hadoop.io.BooleanWritable.class,
org.apache.hadoop.io.LongWritable.class,
org.apache.hadoop.io.BytesWritable.class,
org.apache.hadoop.io.FloatWritable.class,
org.apache.hadoop.io.IntWritable.class,
org.apache.hadoop.io.MapWritable.class,
org.apache.hadoop.io.Text.class,
org.apache.hadoop.io.MD5Hash.class,
org.apache.nutch.crawl.CrawlDatum.class,
org.apache.nutch.crawl.Inlink.class,
org.apache.nutch.crawl.Inlinks.class,
org.apache.nutch.fetcher.FetcherOutput.class,
org.apache.nutch.metadata.Metadata.class,
org.apache.nutch.parse.Outlink.class,
org.apache.nutch.parse.ParseText.class,
org.apache.nutch.parse.ParseData.class,
org.apache.nutch.parse.ParseImpl.class,
org.apache.nutch.parse.ParseStatus.class,
org.apache.nutch.protocol.Content.class,
org.apache.nutch.protocol.ProtocolStatus.class,
org.apache.nutch.scoring.webgraph.LinkDatum.class,
};
这些数据类型分别抽象了Nutch在爬取时各个阶段的数据类型。
map阶段不对value进行处理，只对URL进行处理，处理代码如下：
String urlString = filterUrl(normalizeUrl(key.toString()));
调用是对URL根据定义好的过滤规则对URL进行过滤和格式化，当然是否进行这步操作可以通过调用命令时参数设置。
reduce是对所有爬取的数据进行处理，代码注释如下：
/**
* 输出格式：url作为key，索引的action作为value
*/
public void reduce(Text key, Iterator<NutchWritable> values,
OutputCollector<Text, NutchIndexAction> output, Reporter reporter)
throws IOException {
Inlinks inlinks = null;
CrawlDatum dbDatum = null;
CrawlDatum fetchDatum = null;
ParseData parseData = null;
ParseText parseText = null;
while (values.hasNext()) {
final Writable value = values.next().get(); // unwrap
//如果是URL注入的数据类型
if (value instanceof Inlinks) {
inlinks = (Inlinks)value;
//如果是爬取的数据类型
} else if (value instanceof CrawlDatum) {
final CrawlDatum datum = (CrawlDatum)value;
//如果当前数据处于db注入状态
if (CrawlDatum.hasDbStatus(datum)) {
dbDatum = datum;
}
//如果当前数据处于爬取完成状态。
else if (CrawlDatum.hasFetchStatus(datum)) {
// don't index unmodified (empty) pages
//判断爬去的是否进行了修改
if (datum.getStatus() != CrawlDatum.STATUS_FETCH_NOTMODIFIED) {
fetchDatum = datum;
/**
* Check if we need to delete 404 NOT FOUND and 301 PERMANENT REDIRECT.
*/
//参数中如果设置删除为true则删除错误及过时的页面
if (delete) {
//如果爬取的页面过期，采取删除操作。
if (fetchDatum.getStatus() == CrawlDatum.STATUS_FETCH_GONE) {
reporter.incrCounter("IndexerStatus", "Documents deleted", 1);
NutchIndexAction action = new NutchIndexAction(null, NutchIndexAction.DELETE);
output.collect(key, action);
return;
}
//如果爬去的页面已经重定向到另外一个页面，才去删除操作。
if (fetchDatum.getStatus() == CrawlDatum.STATUS_FETCH_REDIR_PERM) {
reporter.incrCounter("IndexerStatus", "Perm redirects deleted", 1);
NutchIndexAction action = new NutchIndexAction(null, NutchIndexAction.DELETE);
output.collect(key, action);
return;
}
}
}
//URL是通过其他URL被发现的 ||页面的签名||页面的元数据是通过解析器产生的
} else if (CrawlDatum.STATUS_LINKED == datum.getStatus() ||
CrawlDatum.STATUS_SIGNATURE == datum.getStatus() ||
CrawlDatum.STATUS_PARSE_META == datum.getStatus()) {
continue;
} else {
throw new RuntimeException("Unexpected status: "+datum.getStatus());
}
//如果是解析的数据类型
} else if (value instanceof ParseData) {
parseData = (ParseData)value;
// Handle robots meta? https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/NUTCH-1434
if (deleteRobotsNoIndex) {
// Get the robots meta data
String robotsMeta = parseData.getMeta("robots");
// Has it a noindex for this url?
if (robotsMeta != null && robotsMeta.toLowerCase().indexOf("noindex") != -1) {
// Delete it!
NutchIndexAction action = new NutchIndexAction(null, NutchIndexAction.DELETE);
output.collect(key, action);
return;
}
}
//解析完的Text文件
} else if (value instanceof ParseText) {
parseText = (ParseText)value;
} else if (LOG.isWarnEnabled()) {
LOG.warn("Unrecognized type: "+value.getClass());
}
}
//如果只有链接，没有爬取历史的记录或者爬取数据直接返回
if (fetchDatum == null || dbDatum == null
|| parseText == null || parseData == null) {
return; // only have inlinks
}
// Whether to skip DB_NOTMODIFIED pages
//如果页面被爬取过，但是没有进行修过，在传进来的命令中设置了跳过则跳过。
if (skip && dbDatum.getStatus() == CrawlDatum.STATUS_DB_NOTMODIFIED) {
reporter.incrCounter("IndexerStatus", "Skipped", 1);
return;
}
//页面爬去成功，但是解析失败的，直接返回
if (!parseData.getStatus().isSuccess() ||
fetchDatum.getStatus() != CrawlDatum.STATUS_FETCH_SUCCESS) {
return;
}
NutchDocument doc = new NutchDocument();
//解析完的数据中获取页面的元数据
final Metadata metadata = parseData.getContentMeta();
// add segment, used to map from merged index back to segment files
doc.add("segment", metadata.get(Nutch.SEGMENT_NAME_KEY));
//页面摘要
// add digest, used by dedup
doc.add("digest", metadata.get(Nutch.SIGNATURE_KEY));
final Parse parse = new ParseImpl(parseText, parseData);
try {
// extract information from dbDatum and pass it to
// fetchDatum so that indexing filters can use it
final Text url = (Text) dbDatum.getMetaData().get(Nutch.WRITABLE_REPR_URL_KEY);
if (url != null) {
fetchDatum.getMetaData().put(Nutch.WRITABLE_REPR_URL_KEY, url);
}
// run indexing filters
//执行所有过滤器
doc = this.filters.filter(doc, parse, key, fetchDatum, inlinks);
} catch (final IndexingException e) {
if (LOG.isWarnEnabled()) { LOG.warn("Error indexing "+key+": "+e); }
reporter.incrCounter("IndexerStatus", "Errors", 1);
return;
}
// skip documents discarded by indexing filters
if (doc == null) {
reporter.incrCounter("IndexerStatus", "Skipped by filters", 1);
return;
}
float boost = 1.0f;
// run scoring filters
//执行评分过滤器
try {
boost = this.scfilters.indexerScore(key, doc, dbDatum,
fetchDatum, parse, inlinks, boost);
} catch (final ScoringFilterException e) {
if (LOG.isWarnEnabled()) {
LOG.warn("Error calculating score " + key + ": " + e);
}
return;
}
//将评分作为文档的权重
// apply boost to all indexed fields.
doc.setWeight(boost);
// store boost for use by explain and dedup
doc.add("boost", Float.toString(boost));
reporter.incrCounter("IndexerStatus", "Documents added", 1);
NutchIndexAction action = new NutchIndexAction(doc, NutchIndexAction.ADD);
output.collect(key, action);
}
目前研究到此，后面的待续。。
